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Ovruch
 (09-010.39-F) -  Shelf Number: MDV 627
 IUCAT




No streaming derivative is available.

Date: May 25, 2003

Participants: Stotland, Mikhail Iakovlevich; Turovskaia, Raisa Borisovna. Interviewedy by Dov-Ber Kerler, Dovid Katz.

Location recorded: Ovruch, Zhytomyrs'ka Oblast', Ukraine

Language: Yiddish

Culture Group: Jews, Yiddish-speakers, Ukrainians

 Recording Content:   

The tape is a continuation of a formal interview with Mikhail Iakovlevich Stotland. (Part 2 of 2. See MDV 626) The team continues to ask Stotland a number of dialectological questions from the AHEYM Yiddish questionnaire. They also discuss different Yiddish dialects. The camera then cuts to street footage outside Stotland's home, after the team concludes the interview with Stotland.

The next part of the tape records an official meeting with several interviewees at the Jewish community center in Ovruch. They discuss potential interviewees from Ovruch, as well as briefly introduce themselves in Yiddish. One of the present interviewees talks about her life before the war. She studied at Russian School No. 2. They then discuss Yiddish songs and prewar religious life, as well as how Jews secretly gathered for services after the war. They then discuss the local synagogue and how people came from the surrounding villages to Ovruch to attend services, before they inform the team about potential interviewees. An interviewee then tells an anecdote about a relative ("krimer eydem"), who lived in the Crimea.

After they discuss life today, the camera cuts to the third part of the tape, which is a formal interview with Raisa Borisovna Turovskaia, born in Novyye Veledniki in 1924. (Part 1 of 3. See MDV 628 and MDV 629) She begins talking about prewar holiday celebration, before she provides general information on her family background. The conversation turns to religious life before the war. Turovskaia, in particular, discusses the Volednicker rebbe. She then talks about her school education. She attended a Yiddish school for four grades. After the school was closed down in 1936, Turovskaia switched to a Ukrainian school and graduated after ten grades.

She then discusses prewar Jewish life in Novyye Veledniki, where 125 Jewish families resided, as well as life during the war. She then mentions the situation of her family at the beginning of the war in detail, when her family had to be evacuated. Her grandmother fell ill and did not want to leave. She encouraged her family to evacuate nevertheless. Her mother asked her neighbor, a Ukrainian teacher, to take Turovskaia to Kharkiv.

Turovskaia's mother evacuated her grandmother as well. People helped to lift her onto a horse-drawn wagon, covered in pillows. They drove to the next railway station in order to catch a train to evacuation, to Chernikhov. Turovskaia worked in Kharkiv, but she got ready to escape as the German army drew closer. She received a telegram, stating her family's whereabouts at a kolkhoz in the Shekhmanskii district, Tambovskaya region. In order to get there, she joined one of the many military echelons with Jewish refugees from Poland. In Saratovka, Turovskaia changed trains in order to get to the Tambov region. On the way, she received several food items. As soon as Turovskaia reached the Shekhmanskii region, she had to organize transportation to the kolkhoz in order to get to her family. When Turovskaia arrived at the kolkhoz, she was screaming "Feldman" (her maiden name) in order to find her relatives. It turned out that her mother, grandmother, and siblings were not at the kolkhoz, so Turovskaia had to return. It was already fall season and chilly outside. A woman named Esther helped her out with bread. Esther coincidentally told her mother that Turovskaia is looking for her family. Her mother immediately recognized her. When the Germans drew closer, they had to evacuate even further to Siberia. Her father survived the war at the front and returned in 1946. The conversation moves to their return to Novyye Veledniki and the extent of the destruction of the town.

Turovskaia moved to Ovruch in 1944. The tape concludes with a discussion of Turovskaia's family. Three of her siblings died during a scarlet fever epidemic before the war. Turovskaia praises her mother's cooking.

00:00:00 dialectology and different Yiddish dialects.
00:23:08 town footage.
00:24:02 informal chat.
00:27:24 life in Ovruch before the war.
00:28:39 Yiddish songs and prewar/postwar religious life.
00:30:07 informal chat.
00:31:36 synagogue in Ovruch.
00:32:36 potential Yiddish-speakers from the region.
00:36:33 anecdote and non-Jews speaking Yiddish.
00:38:31 life today.
00:40:28 informal chat in Russian.
00:40:56 holiday celebration and general introduction.
00:45:01 prewar religious life and Volednicker rebbe.
00:46:51 school education.
00:48:38 prewar Jewish life in Novyye Veledniki and life during war.
00:50:07 family and life during war and kolkhoz.
00:58:27 return to Novyye Veledniki and move to Ovruch.
00:59:16 family.
01:01:43 End of recording.